Electric-railway motor



(No Model.)

P. O. BLAGKWELL. ELECTRIC RAILWAY MOTOR.

No. 470,817. Patented Mar. 15, 1892.

// 3 g. Mid-i fy UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. a

FRANCIS O. BLACKYVELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE THOMSONIIOUSTON ELECTRIC COMPANY,

OF CONNECTICUT.

ELECTRIC-RAILWAY MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,817, dated March15,1892. Application filed August 31, 1889- Serial No. 322,634- (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS 0. BLACK- WELL, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in ElectricRailway-Motors, of which the following is a specification.

7 My invention relates to electric motors,

IO which have a special adaptation to the requirements of railway-work.In the disposition of motors previously employed for elec tric railwaysit has been customary to employ a counter-shaft and an intermediate setof I5 gearing between the armature and the axle, and it has beenextremely diflicult to design a motor that with the ordinary proportionsof street-railway vehicles would have sufficient power to operate avehicle without an interzo mediate shaft. This necessitates not onlyextraordinary wear upon the gears, but also an armature speed which isvery detrimental to the durability of the machine.

My invention consists in a motor which may be journaled directly uponthe axle of a vehicle between the wheels and gear without theintervention of a counter-shaft and which will at the same time havesufficient torque to propel the vehicle under all circumstances.

It further consists in certain details of construction which enable itto be readily taken apart and which insure a substantial addition to thepermanence of the motor.

My invention is illustrated in the accom- 3 5 panying drawings, in whichFigure l is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan, of my motor.

Itwill be seen that the motor is provided with field-magnets havingtheir cores and 4c coils vertically disposed perpendicular to the axisof the armature and placed adjacent to it. By the latter expression Imean that the wound portions of the field-magnets are close to the sideof the armature and do not extend away from it, as in the form of motorusually employed in this situation. This permits bringing the armaturesnfliciently close to the axle to render feasible the use of only asingle set of reduction-gears, and at the same time brings the coil orcoils between the top and bottom pole-pieces, where they are protectedfrom wear and moisture.

In the example shown I have illustrated a machine which has twomagnet-coils; but it will be readily understood that in manycircumstances one of the coils may be dispensed. with and the necessarymagnetism obtained from the remaining one. A and B represent these twocores and coils. C is the upper pole-piece, and D the lower one. Uponthe lower pole-piece D is ahorizontal extension E at each endforsupporting the armature-bearings. These extensions E may be of brass;but in the instance shown they are cast integral with the pole-piece,and an intermediate block F is used under each bearing. By this meansnone of the magnetism will be short-circuited through the armature. Theupper pole-piece C has at one end two extensions G, which come down andrest upon the axle H, and at the other end a supporting-extension K,which may be upheld from the framing of the truck or from the car-bodyin any well-known manner. L is the armature pinion, and M is a gear onthe axle engaging 7 5 with it. On either end of the armature is a washerand nut for limiting the end-play.

For removing the armature it will not be necessary to unhang the motor,but simply to unscrew the main bolts 0 from above, when the lowerpole-piece D will drop, carrying the armature with it. The cores of thefield-magnets will still be upheld by means of small screws P, and themagnet-spools will be upheld by lugs R, through which a screw passesinto pole-piece C. The armature-brushes are supported upon studs 8,which pass through a flangeT, extending from the cap of the bearing. Inthis type of motor there is no waste metal in the yoke, so that a motorwith a much larger field-magnet and a correspondingly-greater torque maybe employed within the same compass as the present style of motor, whichis usually so small-as to require a counter-shaft and high armaturespeed. In this form, moreover, the bearings are all rendered accessibleand the armature and other parts are easily detachable, since the mainsupport of the motor is from points above the armature and itsstandards. The armature IOQ mod and water of the streets,

and the magnet-coils A and B are, moreover, placed in positions muchless exposed to the piece D, which cannot be injured, being thusexposed. The studs S, carrying the com mutator-brushes, are insulatedfrom flange T by wide washers V, of fiber or hard rubber, and on the endof the armature between the commutator-bars W and metallic cap Y is awide flange X, of fiber or similar insulating material, which preventsan are from passing under any circumstances between the commutator andthe cap Y.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a driven axle of a vehicle, of an electricmotor journaled thereon, having its field coil and core arrangedvertically between the armature and axle, as set forth.

2. The combination, with a driven axleof a vehicle, of an electricmotor-at one side thereof and geared directly thereto,having-pole-pieees above and-below the armature, and field-mag net coilsbetween the said pole-pieces and protected thereby.

3. The combination, with a driven axle of a vehicle, of an electricmotor at one side thereof and geared directly thereto by a single set ofreduction-gearing, the said motor having its pole-pieces above and belowthe armature, and intermediate field-magnet coils protected thereby anddivided on a horizontal line, one part, being supported on the car-axleand the other carrying the arma'ture-bearin gs.

4. The combination, with a vehicle, of an electric motor journaled onthe axle having top and bottom pole-pieces, a field coil andcorearranged vertically between the polepieces, and a single set ofreduction-gears between armature and axle.

5. The combination of a driven axle of avehicle with a motor between thewheels, having armature parallel with the axle and geared thereto by asingle set of reduction-gears, its field-coil vertically disposedbetween armature and axle, and apole-piece having abearing "on the axle,as set forth.

6. The combination, with a driven axle of a vehicle, of a motor havingtop and bottom pole-pieces, an armature supported by an extension fromthepole-piece, a vertically-disposed field coil and core betweenarmature and axle, and a bearing on the pole-piece by which the motor isjournaled on the axle.

7. The combination, with a driven axle of a vehicle, of a motor havinghearings on the axle and a supplementary support holding it in position,and an independent detachable ar'mature support permitting 'the readyremoval of the armature without unhanging the motor from the truck. 7 g

8. The combination, with an axle of the vehicle, of a propelling-motorsupported near the axle and geared thereto and having its armaturesupported in bearings from the only the pole-" lower pole-piece, andmeans for removing or dropping down the said pole-piece withoutunhanging the motor from the truck, whereby the armature maybe taken outfrom beneath.

9. The combination, with an electricallypropelled vehicle, of a motorhaving top and bottom pole-pieces, the former provided with bearingshanging the motor on the truck and the latter with bearings for thearmature, and means for readily detaching the bottom polepiece from theremainder of the motor.

10. The combination, with an electricallypropelled vehicle, of a motorhaving a horizontally-arranged armature, top and bottom pole-pieces, twovertical field-magnet cores and coils between the pole-pieces, and asingle set of reduction-gears between motor and axle.

11. The combinatiomw-itha driven axle, of a motor geared thereto, havingits armature supported from one pole-piece and the motor itselfsupported from the opposite pole-piece.

12. The combination, with a driven axle of a vehicle, of apropelling-motor beneath it journaled and geared to the axle, having apole-piece or ot-herunwound portion next the street-surface and beneathits coils-or wound portion, whereby the latter are protected, as setforth.

1 3. The combination, with a commutator of an electric motor, of a brushand a support therefor attached rigidly to aflange on the cap of thebearing.

14. The combination, with anelectric motor geared to the axle of thevehicle, of a vertically-disposed field-core attached to the upper.pole-piece, and a readily-detachable lower pole-piece, as described.

15. The combination, in an electric-railway motor, of avertically-disposed field core and coil A, fastened to the upperpole-piece, and a lower pole-piece detachable from said core.

16. The combination, with axle H, of a motor having its armature geareddirectly thereto without the intervention of a countershaft, havingupper and lower pole-pieces O D, the latter supporting the armature, andan upright field coil and core A between the two pole-pieces.

17. The combination of a driven shaft or axle with a motor journaledthereon-and having its armature geared thereto, a field coil or corebetween the armature and shaft with its axis perpendicular to the axisof the armature, andpole-pieces extending from-the-core around thearmature.

18. The combination, with a driven axle, of a motor having an uprightfield coiland core between armature and axle, a bearing for thepole-piece on the axle, and a support for the opposite end of the motor.

19. An electric-railway motor having its armature mounted on suitablejournal-bearings carried by a support movabledownwardly away from themain portion of the io ed on said frame parallel to the car-axle andhaving both parts of its journal-bearing carried by a detachable portionof the frame, as and for the purpose described.

Signed and witnessed this 20th da of August, 1889. y

FRANCIS O. BLACIUVELL.

Witnesses:

GEORGE BAUMANN, HUBERT HOVSOM

